{"id":1738,"date":"2024-09-06T14:44:42","date_gmt":"2024-09-06T12:44:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/?page_id=1738"},"modified":"2025-08-15T13:02:06","modified_gmt":"2025-08-15T11:02:06","slug":"era-mesozoica","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/era-mesozoica\/","title":{"rendered":"Era Mesozoica"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1″ custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbFondo Men\u00fa\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ background_color=\u00bb#006633″ custom_margin=\u00bb0px||20px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||0px||true|false\u00bb collapsed=\u00bbon\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1″ custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbIntroducci\u00f3n\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ background_enable_color=\u00bboff\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb10px||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb20px||||false|false\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb collapsed=\u00bbon\u00bb][et_pb_row make_equal=\u00bbon\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_post_title meta=\u00bboff\u00bb featured_image=\u00bboff\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb title_font=\u00bb|600||on|||||\u00bb title_text_align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb title_text_color=\u00bb#000000″ title_font_size=\u00bb70px\u00bb title_letter_spacing=\u00bb1px\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||10px||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb animation_direction=\u00bbbottom\u00bb title_font_size_tablet=\u00bb50px\u00bb title_font_size_phone=\u00bb30px\u00bb title_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb title_text_shadow_style=\u00bbpreset1″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_post_title][et_pb_text content_tablet=\u00bb<\/p>\n

TRI\u00c1SICO – JUR\u00c1SICO – CRET\u00c1CICO<\/h4>\n

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TRI\u00c1SICO – JUR\u00c1SICO – CRET\u00c1CICO<\/h4>\n

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TRI\u00c1SICO – JUR\u00c1SICO – CRET\u00c1CICO<\/h4>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider color=\u00bb#999999″ admin_label=\u00bbSeparador\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb-20px||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4″ text_text_color=\u00bb#444444″ background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbzoom\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n

\"Era<\/h2>\n

El Mesozoico, era mesozoica o era secundaria, conocido zool\u00f3gicamente como la era de los dinosaurios o bot\u00e1nicamente como la era de las c\u00edcadas, es una divisi\u00f3n de la escala temporal geol\u00f3gica que pertenece al e\u00f3n Fanerozoico; dentro de este, el Mesozoico sigue al Paleozoico y precede al Cenozoico, de ah\u00ed su nombre, que procede del griego \u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf que significa \u00abentre\u00bb, y \u03b6\u03ce\u03bf\u03bd, que significa \u00abde los animales\u00bb que significa \u00abvida intermedia\u00bb. Se inici\u00f3 hace 251 millones de a\u00f1os y finaliz\u00f3 hace 66 millones de a\u00f1os.\u200b<\/p>\n

Durante estos 185 millones de a\u00f1os no se produjeron grandes episodios orog\u00e9nicos. Pangea se fragmenta gradualmente y los continentes van desplaz\u00e1ndose hacia su posici\u00f3n actual. El clima fue excepcionalmente c\u00e1lido durante todo el per\u00edodo, desempe\u00f1ando un papel importante en la evoluci\u00f3n y la diversificaci\u00f3n de nuevas especies animales.<\/p>\n

Los invertebrados caracter\u00edsticos de la era mesozoica fueron los amonites, cefal\u00f3podos de fragmocono con forma espiral, y los belemnites, m\u00e1s peque\u00f1os y con el rostro interno, alargado y puntiagudo, adem\u00e1s de equinodermos, braqui\u00f3podos y crust\u00e1ceos. Se desarrollaron ampliamente los vertebrados, sobre todo los reptiles. En esta era aparecen tambi\u00e9n los mam\u00edferos, las aves y las angiospermas o plantas con flores. Sin embargo, los dinosaurios no son los \u00fanicos animales que prosperaron durante toda esta era, tambi\u00e9n los peces y otros reptiles, como las tortugas, un ejemplo es Archelon, o los cocodrilos, de los que algunos alcanzaron gran tama\u00f1o, como Sarcosuchus o Deinosuchus.[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider color=\u00bb#999999″ admin_label=\u00bbSeparador\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1″ custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbContenido\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ background_enable_color=\u00bboff\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||0px||true|false\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb collapsed=\u00bbon\u00bb][et_pb_row make_equal=\u00bbon\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbTect\u00f3nica\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ header_4_font=\u00bb|700||on|||||\u00bb header_4_text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb header_4_text_color=\u00bb#444444″ header_4_font_size=\u00bb30px\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbzoom\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_tablet=\u00bb25px\u00bb header_4_font_size_phone=\u00bb20px\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb text_line_height__hover_enabled=\u00bboff|hover\u00bb]<\/p>\n

TECT\u00d3NICA<\/h4>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00bb1_2,1_2″ make_equal=\u00bbon\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb0px||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.2″ text_text_color=\u00bb#444444″ header_4_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]En comparaci\u00f3n con la vigorosa convergencia de placas formadora de monta\u00f1as de finales de la era paleozoica, las deformaciones tect\u00f3nicas del Mesozoico fueron relativamente leves. Sin embargo, la era mesozoica destaca por la gran fragmentaci\u00f3n del supercontinente Pangea. Pangea gradualmente se dividi\u00f3 en un continente norte, Laurasia y un continente sur, Gondwana con apertura del oc\u00e9ano Atl\u00e1ntico. Esto cre\u00f3 el margen continental pasivo que caracteriza a la mayor parte de la costa atl\u00e1ntica actual.<\/p>\n

A finales de la era mesozoica, los continentes se hab\u00edan fragmentado a casi su forma actual. Laurasia se convirti\u00f3 en Am\u00e9rica del Norte y Eurasia, mientras que Gondwana se dividi\u00f3 en Am\u00e9rica del Sur, \u00c1frica, Australia, Ant\u00e1rtida y el subcontinente indio, que colisionar\u00e1 con la placa asi\u00e1tica durante el Cenozoico.<\/p>\n

La formaci\u00f3n de la cordillera de los Andes comenz\u00f3 en el Jur\u00e1sico, pero fue durante el Cret\u00e1cico cuando tom\u00f3 su forma actual. Se debi\u00f3 al movimiento de subducci\u00f3n de la placa de Nazca por debajo de la placa Sudamericana. A finales del Cret\u00e1cico comenz\u00f3 la orogenia Laramide, que continuar\u00eda durante la primera mitad del Cenozoico y que form\u00f3 las Monta\u00f1as Rocosas.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Mapa-Era-Mesozoica.webp\u00bb alt=\u00bbEra Mesozoica\u00bb show_in_lightbox=\u00bbon\u00bb use_overlay=\u00bbon\u00bb overlay_icon_color=\u00bb#660000″ hover_overlay_color=\u00bbrgba(0,0,0,0.5)\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb overlay_icon_color_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row make_equal=\u00bbon\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbSubdivisiones\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ header_4_font=\u00bb|700||on|||||\u00bb header_4_text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb header_4_text_color=\u00bb#444444″ header_4_font_size=\u00bb30px\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbzoom\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_tablet=\u00bb25px\u00bb header_4_font_size_phone=\u00bb20px\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb text_line_height__hover_enabled=\u00bboff|hover\u00bb]<\/p>\n

SUBDIVISIONES<\/h4>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00bb1_2,1_2″ make_equal=\u00bbon\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb0px||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.2″ text_text_color=\u00bb#444444″ header_4_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]El l\u00edmite inferior de la era mesozoica viene fijado por la extinci\u00f3n masiva del P\u00e9rmico-Tri\u00e1sico, durante la cual aproximadamente del 90% a 96% de las especies marinas y el 70% de los vertebrados terrestres se extinguieron. Tambi\u00e9n es conocida por la \u00abGran Mortandad\u00bb o \u00abThe Great Dying\u00bb, ya que es considerada la extinci\u00f3n masiva m\u00e1s grande de la historia.<\/p>\n

El l\u00edmite superior se fija en la extinci\u00f3n masiva del Cret\u00e1cico-Pale\u00f3geno, que pudo haber sido causada por el impacto de un asteroide que cre\u00f3 el cr\u00e1ter de Chicxulub en la pen\u00ednsula de Yucat\u00e1n. Aproximadamente el 50% de todos los g\u00e9neros se extinguieron, incluidos todos los dinosaurios no avianos, es decir, todos aquellos que no compart\u00edan las caracter\u00edsticas que definen a un ave.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Subdivisiones-Era-Mesozoica.webp\u00bb alt=\u00bbEra Mesozoica\u00bb show_in_lightbox=\u00bbon\u00bb use_overlay=\u00bbon\u00bb overlay_icon_color=\u00bb#660000″ hover_overlay_color=\u00bbrgba(0,0,0,0.5)\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb overlay_icon_color_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row make_equal=\u00bbon\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbClima\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ header_4_font=\u00bb|700||on|||||\u00bb header_4_text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb header_4_text_color=\u00bb#444444″ header_4_font_size=\u00bb30px\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbzoom\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_tablet=\u00bb25px\u00bb header_4_font_size_phone=\u00bb20px\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb text_line_height__hover_enabled=\u00bboff|hover\u00bb]<\/p>\n

CLIMA<\/h4>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00bb1_2,1_2″ make_equal=\u00bbon\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb0px||0px||true|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||0px||true|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.2″ text_text_color=\u00bb#444444″ header_4_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]El Tri\u00e1sico fue en general seco, una tendencia que comienza a finales del Carbon\u00edfero, y muy estacional, especialmente en el interior de Pangea. El bajo nivel del mar tambi\u00e9n puede haberse exacerbado por las temperaturas extremas. Con su alto calor espec\u00edfico, el agua act\u00faa como un estabilizador de temperatura y un reservorio de calor, por lo que las tierras pr\u00f3ximas a las grandes masas de agua, especialmente de los oc\u00e9anos, experimentan una menor variaci\u00f3n de temperatura. Dado que gran parte de las tierras que constitu\u00edan Pangea estaban lejos de los oc\u00e9anos, las temperaturas fluctuaban mucho, y en el interior de Pangea probablemente inclu\u00eda extensas zonas des\u00e9rticas. Se dispone de abundantes camas rojas y evaporitas, tales como sales, que apoyan estas conclusiones.<\/p>\n

El nivel del mar comenz\u00f3 a subir durante el Jur\u00e1sico, lo que probablemente fue causado por una expansi\u00f3n del lecho marino. La formaci\u00f3n de nueva corteza bajo la superficie desplaz\u00f3 las aguas oce\u00e1nicas hasta 200 m m\u00e1s que actualmente, lo que inund\u00f3 las zonas costeras. Por otra parte, Pangea comenz\u00f3 a romperse en fragmentos m\u00e1s peque\u00f1os, con lo que el aumento de superficie en contacto con el oc\u00e9ano form\u00f3 el mar de Tetis. La temperatura continu\u00f3 aumentando y comenz\u00f3 a estabilizarse. La humedad tambi\u00e9n aument\u00f3 con la proximidad del agua y los desiertos se retiraron.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Clima-Era-Mesozoica.webp\u00bb alt=\u00bbEra Mesozoica\u00bb show_in_lightbox=\u00bbon\u00bb use_overlay=\u00bbon\u00bb overlay_icon_color=\u00bb#660000″ hover_overlay_color=\u00bbrgba(0,0,0,0.5)\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb overlay_icon_color_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row make_equal=\u00bbon\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.2″ text_text_color=\u00bb#444444″ header_4_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]El clima del Cret\u00e1cico es menos conocido y m\u00e1s ampliamente discutido. Se cree que los niveles m\u00e1s elevados de di\u00f3xido de carbono en la atm\u00f3sfera causaron un gradiente de temperatura de norte a sur casi plano: las temperaturas son m\u00e1s o menos las mismas en todo el planeta. Las temperaturas medias son tambi\u00e9n m\u00e1s elevadas que en la actualidad, alrededor de 10 \u00b0C m\u00e1s. De hecho, a mediados del Cret\u00e1cico, las aguas ecuatoriales del oc\u00e9ano (quiz\u00e1s tan c\u00e1lidas como 20 \u00b0C en las profundidades del oc\u00e9ano) pueden haber sido demasiado altas para la vida marina, y las zonas terrestres cerca del ecuador pueden haber sido desiertos, a pesar de su proximidad al agua.<\/p>\n

La circulaci\u00f3n de ox\u00edgeno a las profundidades del oc\u00e9ano tambi\u00e9n puede haberse interrumpido. Por esta raz\u00f3n, los grandes vol\u00famenes de materia org\u00e1nica acumulada que no pod\u00edan descomponerse y fueron depositados como \u00abpizarras\u00bb. No todos los datos apoyan estas hip\u00f3tesis, sin embargo. Incluso con el calentamiento, las fluctuaciones de temperatura deber\u00edan haber sido suficiente para la formaci\u00f3n de casquetes polares y glaciares, pero no hay pruebas de ninguno de ellos. Los modelos cuantitativos tambi\u00e9n han sido incapaces de recrear la planitud del gradiente de temperatura del Cret\u00e1cico.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row make_equal=\u00bbon\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbFlora\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ header_4_font=\u00bb|700||on|||||\u00bb header_4_text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb header_4_text_color=\u00bb#444444″ header_4_font_size=\u00bb30px\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbzoom\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_tablet=\u00bb25px\u00bb header_4_font_size_phone=\u00bb20px\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb text_line_height__hover_enabled=\u00bboff|hover\u00bb]<\/p>\n

FLORA<\/h4>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00bb1_2,1_2″ make_equal=\u00bbon\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb0px||0px||true|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||0px||true|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.2″ text_text_color=\u00bb#444444″ header_4_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]Al inicio del per\u00edodo Tri\u00e1sico, hace aproximadamente 252 millones de a\u00f1os, el clima de la Tierra era predominantemente c\u00e1lido y \u00e1rido. Esta condici\u00f3n clim\u00e1tica favorec\u00eda la existencia de vastas \u00e1reas des\u00e9rticas y estepas en muchas regiones, con flora adaptada a la sequ\u00eda. En Gondwana, el supercontinente ubicado en latitudes m\u00e1s meridionales, las zonas c\u00e1lidas estaban dominadas por helechos, palmeras primitivas y otras plantas adaptadas a las condiciones extremas. En las regiones m\u00e1s templadas de Laurasia, en el hemisferio norte, las plantas con\u00edferas eran las que predominaban, formando bosques resistentes a las condiciones m\u00e1s secas de la \u00e9poca.<\/p>\n

Con el paso del tiempo, la evoluci\u00f3n geol\u00f3gica y clim\u00e1tica durante el Mesozoico llev\u00f3 a cambios significativos en la vegetaci\u00f3n. Durante el per\u00edodo Jur\u00e1sico, hace unos 201 millones de a\u00f1os, los niveles de humedad global comenzaron a aumentar. Este incremento de la humedad transform\u00f3 los paisajes de la Tierra, permitiendo que los desiertos del Tri\u00e1sico dieran paso a zonas m\u00e1s verdes y f\u00e9rtiles. La vegetaci\u00f3n se expandi\u00f3 por los subcontinentes emergentes, dando lugar a grandes extensiones de bosques y selvas tropicales. Las con\u00edferas, helechos y cicad\u00f3fitos se multiplicaron, creando ambientes densos y exuberantes que dominaron gran parte de la Tierra durante este per\u00edodo.<\/p>\n

El mayor hito evolutivo de la flora durante la era Mesozoica ocurri\u00f3 hacia el final del per\u00edodo Cret\u00e1cico, hace aproximadamente 145 millones de a\u00f1os. Fue entonces cuando aparecieron las angiospermas, las primeras plantas con flores. Estas nuevas formas de vida vegetal introdujeron una revoluci\u00f3n en los ecosistemas, ya que las flores ofrec\u00edan ventajas evolutivas al facilitar procesos de reproducci\u00f3n m\u00e1s eficientes. Las angiospermas no solo proporcionaron nuevos h\u00e1bitats y fuentes de alimento para los animales durante la era mesozoica, sino que tambi\u00e9n comenzaron a transformar los paisajes terrestres con su diversidad de formas, colores y adaptaciones.<\/p>\n

Un aspecto clave en la expansi\u00f3n y \u00e9xito de las angiospermas fue su relaci\u00f3n con los insectos, particularmente en lo que respecta a la polinizaci\u00f3n.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Flora-Era-Mesozoica.webp\u00bb alt=\u00bbEra Mesozoica\u00bb show_in_lightbox=\u00bbon\u00bb use_overlay=\u00bbon\u00bb overlay_icon_color=\u00bb#660000″ hover_overlay_color=\u00bbrgba(0,0,0,0.5)\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb overlay_icon_color_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ text_text_color=\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00bb header_4_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb background_color=\u00bb#660000″ background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbcenter\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb20px|30px|20px|30px|true|true\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]Eudicotiled\u00f3nea hallada en China con restos de mariposas.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row make_equal=\u00bbon\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.2″ text_text_color=\u00bb#444444″ header_4_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]Los insectos desempe\u00f1aron un papel fundamental en estos procesos, ya que al transportar el polen de una planta a otra ayudaban en la reproducci\u00f3n de las especies con flores. Durante el Cret\u00e1cico, apareci\u00f3 la primera abeja, un insecto especializado en la polinizaci\u00f3n. Se cree que las angiospermas y los insectos, incluyendo a las abejas, evolucionaron en estrecha relaci\u00f3n, desarrollando mecanismos de mutua dependencia que impulsaron la diversidad de ambas especies.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row make_equal=\u00bbon\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbFauna\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ header_4_font=\u00bb|700||on|||||\u00bb header_4_text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb header_4_text_color=\u00bb#444444″ header_4_font_size=\u00bb30px\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbzoom\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_tablet=\u00bb25px\u00bb header_4_font_size_phone=\u00bb20px\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb text_line_height__hover_enabled=\u00bboff|hover\u00bb]<\/p>\n

FAUNA<\/h4>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00bb1_2,1_2″ make_equal=\u00bbon\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb0px||0px||true|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||0px||true|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.2″ text_text_color=\u00bb#444444″ header_4_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]Durante la era mesozoica la extinci\u00f3n de casi todas las especies animales al final del P\u00e9rmico permiti\u00f3 la radiaci\u00f3n de numerosas formas de vida nuevas. En particular, la extinci\u00f3n de los grandes herb\u00edvoros y los carn\u00edvoros Dinocephalia dejaron vac\u00edos estos nichos ecol\u00f3gicos. Algunos fueron ocupados por los cinodontos y dicinodontos sobrevivientes, los \u00faltimos de los cuales posteriormente se extinguieron. Sin embargo, la fauna del Mesozoico estuvo dominada por los grandes arcosaurios que aparecieron unos pocos millones de a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s de la extinci\u00f3n masiva del P\u00e9rmico-Tri\u00e1sico: dinosaurios, pterosauros y los reptiles acu\u00e1ticos como ictiosaurios, plesiosauro y mosasauros.<\/p>\n

Los cambios clim\u00e1ticos de finales del Jur\u00e1sico y Cret\u00e1cico proporcionaron m\u00e1s condiciones favorables para la radiaci\u00f3n adaptativa. En el Jur\u00e1sico se produjo la mayor diversidad de los arcosaurios, y cuando aparecieron las primeras aves y mam\u00edferos placentarios. La angiospermas se diversificaron en alg\u00fan momento del Cret\u00e1cico temprano, primero en los tr\u00f3picos, pero el gradiente de temperatura les permiti\u00f3 la propagaci\u00f3n hacia los polos a lo largo del per\u00edodo.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Fauna-Era-Mesozoica.webp\u00bb alt=\u00bbEra Mesozoica\u00bb show_in_lightbox=\u00bbon\u00bb use_overlay=\u00bbon\u00bb overlay_icon_color=\u00bb#660000″ hover_overlay_color=\u00bbrgba(0,0,0,0.5)\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb overlay_icon_color_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ text_text_color=\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00bb header_4_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb background_color=\u00bb#660000″ background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbcenter\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb20px|30px|20px|30px|true|true\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]Ammonite Jeletzkytes del Cret\u00e1cico superior.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row make_equal=\u00bbon\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.2″ text_text_color=\u00bb#444444″ header_4_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]Al final del Cret\u00e1cico, las angiospermas dominaron la flora arb\u00f3rea en muchas zonas, aunque algunas pruebas sugieren que la biomasa sigui\u00f3 dominado por cicas y helechos hasta despu\u00e9s de la extinci\u00f3n masiva del Cret\u00e1cico-Pale\u00f3geno.<\/p>\n

Algunos investigadores han argumentado que los insectos se diversificaron con las angiospermas, porque su anatom\u00eda, especialmente las partes de la boca, parecen particularmente bien adaptados a las plantas con flores. Sin embargo, todas las partes principales de la boca de los insectos precedieron a las angiospermas y la diversificaci\u00f3n de insectos en realidad se redujo cuando estas surgieron, por lo que su anatom\u00eda original debe haber estado adaptada para otros fines.<\/p>\n

Cuando la temperatura de los mares se increment\u00f3, los animales m\u00e1s grandes de principios de la era mesozoica gradualmente comenzaron a desaparecer mientras que los animales m\u00e1s peque\u00f1os de todos los tipos, incluidos los lagartos, serpientes y quiz\u00e1s el antecesor de los primates, evolucionaron. La extinci\u00f3n masiva del Cret\u00e1cico-Pale\u00f3geno acentu\u00f3 esta tendencia. Los grandes arcosaurios se extinguieron, mientras que las aves y los mam\u00edferos prosperaron, tal como lo hacen hoy.[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider color=\u00bb#999999″ admin_label=\u00bbSeparador\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1″ custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbApartados\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ custom_margin=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||0px||true|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb collapsed=\u00bbon\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00bb1_3,1_3,1_3″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb animation_direction=\u00bbbottom\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_3″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_blurb title=\u00bbPER\u00cdODO TRI\u00c1SICO\u00bb image=\u00bbhttps:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/icono-0006633.png\u00bb alt=\u00bbPer\u00edodo Tri\u00e1sico\u00bb icon_placement=\u00bbleft\u00bb image_icon_width=\u00bb200%\u00bb content_max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb header_level=\u00bbh3″ header_font=\u00bb|700|||||||\u00bb header_text_color=\u00bb#000000″ header_font_size=\u00bb28px\u00bb body_text_align=\u00bbjustify\u00bb body_text_color=\u00bb#444444″ custom_margin=\u00bb||10px||false|false\u00bb header_font_size_tablet=\u00bb22px\u00bb header_font_size_phone=\u00bb15px\u00bb header_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb header_line_height_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb header_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.2em\u00bb header_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb body_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb body_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb body_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb body_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb body_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb body_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_text_shadow_style=\u00bbpreset1″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]Durante el Tri\u00e1sico, casi todas las tierras de la Tierra se concentraban en un solo super continente centrado m\u00e1s o menos en el ecuador de nuestro palneta, llamado Pangea, que significa (\u00abtoda la Tierra\u00bb).[\/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_button button_url=\u00bbhttps:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/periodo-triasico\/\u00bb button_text=\u00bbLeer M\u00e1s…\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_button=\u00bbon\u00bb button_text_size=\u00bb18px\u00bb button_text_color=\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00bb button_bg_color=\u00bb#006633″ button_letter_spacing=\u00bb1px\u00bb button_font=\u00bb|600|||||||\u00bb button_icon=\u00bb$||divi||400″ button_icon_color=\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb|||45px|false|false\u00bb button_text_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb button_text_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb button_text_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb box_shadow_style=\u00bbpreset3″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb button_text_color__hover_enabled=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb button_bg_color__hover_enabled=\u00bbon|hover\u00bb button_bg_color__hover=\u00bb#660000″ button_bg_enable_color__hover=\u00bbon\u00bb][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_3″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb20px||20px||true|false\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb20px||20px||true|false\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_blurb title=\u00bbPER\u00cdODO JUR\u00c1SICO\u00bb 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