{"id":17243,"date":"2026-02-22T09:42:41","date_gmt":"2026-02-22T08:42:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/?p=17243"},"modified":"2026-02-22T09:45:39","modified_gmt":"2026-02-22T08:45:39","slug":"bothriolepis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/bothriolepis\/","title":{"rendered":"Bothriolepis"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbFondo Men\u00fa\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.2&#8243; background_color=\u00bb#ff6600&#8243; custom_margin=\u00bb0px||20px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||0px||true|false\u00bb collapsed=\u00bbon\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbIntroducci\u00f3n\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.2&#8243; background_enable_color=\u00bboff\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb27px||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb37px||||false|false\u00bb collapsed=\u00bbon\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_row make_equal=\u00bbon\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.2&#8243; background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb||10px||false|false\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.16&#8243; custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_post_title meta=\u00bboff\u00bb featured_image=\u00bboff\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb title_font=\u00bb|600||on|||||\u00bb title_text_align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb title_text_color=\u00bb#000000&#8243; title_font_size=\u00bb70px\u00bb title_letter_spacing=\u00bb1px\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||10px||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb animation_direction=\u00bbbottom\u00bb title_font_size_tablet=\u00bb50px\u00bb title_font_size_phone=\u00bb20px\u00bb title_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb title_text_shadow_style=\u00bbpreset1&#8243; global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_post_title][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; header_4_font=\u00bb|700||on|||||\u00bb header_4_text_align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb header_4_text_color=\u00bb#ff6600&#8243; header_4_font_size=\u00bb30px\u00bb header_4_line_height=\u00bb1.4em\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbzoom\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_tablet=\u00bb22px\u00bb header_4_font_size_phone=\u00bb11px\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_style=\u00bbpreset1&#8243; global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb header_4_text_color__hover_enabled=\u00bboff|hover\u00bb text_text_color__hover_enabled=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h4>Eichwald, 1840<\/h4>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider color=\u00bb#999999&#8243; admin_label=\u00bbSeparador\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.0&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb-20px||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00bbFila\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||10px||false|false\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbzoom\u00bb sticky_limit_top=\u00bbrow\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbTexto\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; text_text_color=\u00bb#444444&#8243; background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-4309 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/margen-huella.png\" alt=\"Bothriolepis\" width=\"30\" height=\"50\" \/><\/h2>\n<p>Bothriolepis es uno de los peces acorazados m\u00e1s emblem\u00e1ticos del Dev\u00f3nico, un g\u00e9nero extremadamente abundante que vivi\u00f3 hace unos 385 a 360 millones de a\u00f1os y que lleg\u00f3 a ocupar pr\u00e1cticamente todos los ecosistemas de agua dulce del planeta. Pertenec\u00eda al grupo de los placodermos antiarcos, peces caracterizados por poseer una armadura \u00f3sea que proteg\u00eda la cabeza y la parte anterior del cuerpo, mientras que el resto permanec\u00eda cubierto por una piel m\u00e1s flexible.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00bb2_3,1_3&#8243; admin_label=\u00bbFila\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||10px||false|false\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb2_3&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbzoom\u00bb sticky_limit_top=\u00bbrow\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Bothriolepis.webp\u00bb alt=\u00bbBothriolepis\u00bb show_in_lightbox=\u00bbon\u00bb use_overlay=\u00bbon\u00bb overlay_icon_color=\u00bb#ff6600&#8243; hover_overlay_color=\u00bbrgba(255,102,0,0.2)\u00bb align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb25px||||false|false\u00bb sticky_limit_top=\u00bbcolumn\u00bb sticky_limit_bottom=\u00bbcolumn\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243; global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_code disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbMe gusta\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb-20px||||false|false\u00bb sticky_limit_bottom=\u00bbcolumn\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<div class=\"et_social_networks et_social_1col et_social_slide et_social_rectangle et_social_left et_social_withcounts et_social_shortcode_0 et_social_mobile_on et_social_withnetworknames et_social_outer_dark\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">.et_monarch .et_social_shortcode_0 li,.et_monarch .et_social_shortcode_0.et_social_circle ul li i.et_social_icon { background: #ff0000; } .et_monarch .et_social_shortcode_0.et_social_rounded .et_social_icons_container li:hover, .et_monarch .et_social_shortcode_0.et_social_rectangle .et_social_icons_container li:hover, .et_monarch .et_social_shortcode_0.et_social_circle .et_social_icons_container li:hover i.et_social_icon { background: #660000 !important; } .et_monarch .et_social_shortcode_0 .et_social_icons_container li:hover .et_social_icon, .et_monarch .et_social_shortcode_0 .et_social_networks .et_social_icons_container li:hover .et_social_network_label, .et_monarch .et_social_shortcode_0 .et_social_icons_container li:hover .et_social_networkname, .et_monarch .et_social_rounded.et_social_shortcode_0 .et_social_icons_container li:hover .et_social_count, .et_monarch .et_social_rectangle.et_social_shortcode_0 .et_social_icons_container li:hover .et_social_count { color: #ffffff !important; }<\/style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"et_social_icons_container\"><li class=\"et_social_like\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"et_social_follow\" data-social_name=\"like\" data-social_type=\"like\" data-post_id=\"0\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"et_social_icon et_social_icon_like\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_social_network_label\"><div class=\"et_social_networkname\">Me gusta<\/div><div class=\"et_social_count\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>0<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_social_count_label\">Likes<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_social_overlay\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li><\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>[\/et_pb_code][et_pb_post_title meta=\u00bboff\u00bb featured_image=\u00bboff\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb title_font=\u00bb|600||on|||||\u00bb title_text_align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb title_text_color=\u00bb#000000&#8243; title_font_size=\u00bb35px\u00bb title_letter_spacing=\u00bb1px\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb animation_direction=\u00bbbottom\u00bb sticky_limit_bottom=\u00bbcolumn\u00bb title_font_size_tablet=\u00bb30px\u00bb title_font_size_phone=\u00bb20px\u00bb title_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_post_title][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbSubt\u00edtulo\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; header_2_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb header_3_font=\u00bb|700||on|||||\u00bb header_3_text_align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb header_3_text_color=\u00bb#444444&#8243; header_3_font_size=\u00bb30px\u00bb header_4_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb sticky_limit_bottom=\u00bbcolumn\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb header_2_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb header_3_font_size_tablet=\u00bb25px\u00bb header_3_font_size_phone=\u00bb15px\u00bb header_3_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb header_4_text_color__hover_enabled=\u00bboff|hover\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h3>FAUNA DEL DEV\u00d3NICO<\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_3&#8243; 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_module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]Era: Paleozoica<br \/>\nPeriodo: Dev\u00f3nico[\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=\u00bbDescubridor\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb open=\u00bboff\u00bb]Eichwald, 1840[\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=\u00bbOrigen\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb open=\u00bboff\u00bb]Canad\u00e1[\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=\u00bbGrupo\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb open=\u00bboff\u00bb]Invertebrado[\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=\u00bbFamilia\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb open=\u00bboff\u00bb]Bothriolepidae[\/et_pb_accordion_item][\/et_pb_accordion][et_pb_counters bar_bg_color=\u00bb#ff6600&#8243; 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_module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_button=\u00bbon\u00bb button_text_size=\u00bb22px\u00bb button_text_color=\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00bb button_bg_color=\u00bb#ff6600&#8243; button_border_radius=\u00bb0px\u00bb button_font=\u00bb|700|||||||\u00bb button_icon=\u00bb&#x24;||divi||400&#8243; custom_margin=\u00bb0px||||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb15px||15px||true|false\u00bb sticky_limit_top=\u00bbcolumn\u00bb sticky_limit_bottom=\u00bbcolumn\u00bb button_text_size_tablet=\u00bb19px\u00bb button_text_size_phone=\u00bb16px\u00bb button_text_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb button_icon_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb button_on_hover_phone=\u00bbon\u00bb button_on_hover_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb custom_css_main_element=\u00bbwidth:100%;\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb button_text_color__hover_enabled=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb button_bg_color__hover_enabled=\u00bbon|hover\u00bb button_bg_color__hover=\u00bb#660000&#8243; button_bg_enable_color__hover=\u00bbon\u00bb][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb30px||||false|false\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbzoom\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbTexto\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; text_text_color=\u00bb#444444&#8243; background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]Este dise\u00f1o corporal, tan peculiar como eficiente, convirti\u00f3 a Bothriolepis en uno de los vertebrados m\u00e1s exitosos de su tiempo, con m\u00e1s de setenta especies descritas en yacimientos de Europa, Norteam\u00e9rica, Asia y Australia. Su presencia global demuestra que fue un g\u00e9nero extraordinariamente adaptable, capaz de prosperar en r\u00edos, lagos, deltas y ambientes estuarinos, donde se alimentaba de materia org\u00e1nica y peque\u00f1os invertebrados del fondo.<\/p>\n<p>El cuerpo de Bothriolepis estaba dividido en dos regiones claramente diferenciadas. La parte anterior, r\u00edgida y acorazada, formaba una especie de caja \u00f3sea que proteg\u00eda los \u00f3rganos vitales. Esta armadura estaba compuesta por placas gruesas ornamentadas con surcos y patrones caracter\u00edsticos que permiten identificar las distintas especies. La parte posterior, en cambio, era larga, estrecha y flexible, lo que le permit\u00eda nadar mediante ondulaciones laterales. Esta combinaci\u00f3n de rigidez frontal y flexibilidad posterior le daba un aspecto extra\u00f1o, casi segmentado, que lo distingue de otros placodermos. Sus aletas pectorales eran especialmente llamativas: largas, articuladas y protegidas por placas \u00f3seas, funcionaban como aut\u00e9nticos remos que le permit\u00edan desplazarse por el fondo, maniobrar en aguas poco profundas y estabilizarse mientras buscaba alimento.<\/p>\n<p>Bothriolepis no era un depredador activo, sino un pez bent\u00f3nico que se alimentaba de detritos, peque\u00f1os crust\u00e1ceos, gusanos y part\u00edculas org\u00e1nicas que remov\u00eda del sustrato. Su boca, situada en la parte inferior de la cabeza, estaba adaptada para succionar alimento del fondo. Carec\u00eda de dientes verdaderos, como la mayor\u00eda de los antiarcos, y utilizaba estructuras internas para procesar el alimento. Su estilo de vida era tranquilo y lento, m\u00e1s cercano al de un pez gato moderno que al de los grandes placodermos depredadores como Dunkleosteus. La forma de su cuerpo sugiere que pasaba gran parte del tiempo semienterrado o desplaz\u00e1ndose lentamente sobre el fondo fangoso, utilizando sus aletas pectorales como apoyo.<\/p>\n<p>Uno de los rasgos m\u00e1s interesantes de Bothriolepis es la estructura de sus aletas pectorales. Estas extremidades, largas y segmentadas, estaban formadas por una serie de placas articuladas que permit\u00edan movimientos complejos. Aunque no eran patas, representan un ejemplo temprano de ap\u00e9ndices pares con cierto grado de movilidad independiente, lo que ha llevado a algunos investigadores a considerarlas como un experimento evolutivo previo a la aparici\u00f3n de las extremidades de los tetr\u00e1podos. Sin embargo, Bothriolepis no est\u00e1 en la l\u00ednea evolutiva directa de los vertebrados terrestres; m\u00e1s bien, muestra c\u00f3mo distintos grupos de peces del Dev\u00f3nico desarrollaron soluciones anat\u00f3micas diversas para adaptarse a la vida en aguas poco profundas.<\/p>\n<p>El tama\u00f1o de Bothriolepis variaba seg\u00fan la especie, pero la mayor\u00eda med\u00eda entre 20 y 40 cent\u00edmetros de longitud, aunque algunas formas alcanzaban casi un metro. Su abundancia en el registro f\u00f3sil se debe en parte a su armadura \u00f3sea, que se preservaba con facilidad tras la muerte del animal. Los yacimientos donde aparece suelen contener grandes cantidades de placas aisladas, lo que indica que estos peces viv\u00edan en grandes grupos o que eran extremadamente comunes en sus ecosistemas. Su presencia masiva en ambientes de agua dulce sugiere que desempe\u00f1aba un papel ecol\u00f3gico importante como consumidor de fondo, contribuyendo a la limpieza del sustrato y al reciclaje de materia org\u00e1nica.<\/p>\n<p>Bothriolepis tambi\u00e9n es relevante desde el punto de vista evolutivo porque representa una rama especializada de los placodermos, un grupo que desapareci\u00f3 por completo al final del Dev\u00f3nico. Su anatom\u00eda demuestra que los placodermos no eran un linaje simple ni primitivo, sino un conjunto diverso de peces con adaptaciones muy variadas. Mientras algunos desarrollaron mand\u00edbulas poderosas y se convirtieron en superdepredadores, otros, como Bothriolepis, evolucionaron hacia formas m\u00e1s tranquilas y bent\u00f3nicas, especializadas en la vida en aguas poco profundas. Su \u00e9xito global demuestra que este estilo de vida fue extremadamente eficaz durante millones de a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n<p>En conjunto, Bothriolepis es uno de los peces m\u00e1s representativos del Dev\u00f3nico, un animal extra\u00f1o pero fascinante cuya combinaci\u00f3n de armadura pesada, aletas articuladas y h\u00e1bitos bent\u00f3nicos lo convierten en una pieza clave para comprender la diversidad de los vertebrados primitivos. 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1840<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n<p>Bothriolepis fue un pez acorazado del Dev\u00f3nico, abundante y adaptado a fondos fluviales y lagunas de su \u00e9poca&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17247,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17243","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fauna-del-devonico"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bothriolepis | El peculiar pez acorazado que domin\u00f3 las aguas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bothriolepis fue un pez acorazado del Dev\u00f3nico, abundante y adaptado a fondos fluviales y lagunas de su \u00e9poca.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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