{"id":8066,"date":"2025-11-12T12:01:45","date_gmt":"2025-11-12T11:01:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/?p=8066"},"modified":"2026-02-17T13:30:21","modified_gmt":"2026-02-17T12:30:21","slug":"john-harold-ostrom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/john-harold-ostrom\/","title":{"rendered":"John Harold Ostrom"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbFondo Men\u00fa\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; background_color=\u00bb#00ffff\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb0px||20px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||0px||true|false\u00bb collapsed=\u00bbon\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbIntroducci\u00f3n\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.2&#8243; background_enable_color=\u00bboff\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb27px||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb37px||||false|false\u00bb collapsed=\u00bbon\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_row make_equal=\u00bbon\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.2&#8243; background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb||10px||false|false\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.16&#8243; custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_post_title meta=\u00bboff\u00bb featured_image=\u00bboff\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb title_font=\u00bb|600||on|||||\u00bb title_text_align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb title_text_color=\u00bb#000000&#8243; title_font_size=\u00bb70px\u00bb title_letter_spacing=\u00bb1px\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||10px||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb animation_direction=\u00bbbottom\u00bb title_font_size_tablet=\u00bb50px\u00bb title_font_size_phone=\u00bb20px\u00bb title_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb title_text_shadow_style=\u00bbpreset1&#8243; global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_post_title][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; header_4_font=\u00bb|700||on|||||\u00bb header_4_text_align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb header_4_text_color=\u00bb#00ffff\u00bb header_4_font_size=\u00bb30px\u00bb header_4_line_height=\u00bb1.4em\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbzoom\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_tablet=\u00bb22px\u00bb header_4_font_size_phone=\u00bb11px\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_style=\u00bbpreset1&#8243; 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content_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbTexto\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; text_text_color=\u00bb#444444&#8243; link_text_align=\u00bbjustify\u00bb link_text_color=\u00bb#660000&#8243; link_line_height=\u00bb1.8em\u00bb ul_text_align=\u00bbjustify\u00bb ul_text_color=\u00bb#444444&#8243; ul_font_size=\u00bb18px\u00bb ul_line_height=\u00bb1.8em\u00bb ol_text_align=\u00bbjustify\u00bb ol_text_color=\u00bb#444444&#8243; ol_font_size=\u00bb18px\u00bb ol_line_height=\u00bb1.8em\u00bb quote_text_align=\u00bbjustify\u00bb quote_text_color=\u00bb#444444&#8243; quote_font_size=\u00bb18px\u00bb quote_line_height=\u00bb1.8em\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243; text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb link_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb link_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb link_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb link_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb link_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb link_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb ul_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb ul_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb ul_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb ul_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb ul_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb ul_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb ol_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb ol_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb ol_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb ol_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb ol_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb ol_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb quote_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb quote_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb quote_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb quote_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb quote_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb quote_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb link_text_color__hover_enabled=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb link_text_color__hover=\u00bb#00ffff\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-4309 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/margen-huella.png\" alt=\"John Harold Ostrom\" width=\"30\" height=\"50\" \/><\/h2>\n<p>John Harold Ostrom (18 de febrero de 1928 \u2013 16 de julio de 2005) fue un paleont\u00f3logo estadounidense cuya obra transform\u00f3 por completo la comprensi\u00f3n moderna de los dinosaurios. Su trabajo en los a\u00f1os sesenta provoc\u00f3 un aut\u00e9ntico giro cient\u00edfico conocido como el \u201cRenacimiento de los Dinosaurios\u201d, al demostrar que estos animales no eran reptiles torpes y de sangre fr\u00eda, sino criaturas activas, \u00e1giles y sorprendentemente similares a las aves. Aunque la idea de un v\u00ednculo estrecho entre dinosaurios y aves hab\u00eda sido propuesta por Thomas Henry Huxley en la d\u00e9cada de 1860, fue rechazada durante casi un siglo. Ostrom la rescat\u00f3, la fundament\u00f3 con pruebas s\u00f3lidas y la convirti\u00f3 en una de las ideas centrales de la paleontolog\u00eda moderna.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00bb2_3,1_3&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||10px||false|false\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb2_3&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbzoom\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/John-Harold-Ostrom.webp\u00bb alt=\u00bbJohn Harold Ostrom\u00bb show_in_lightbox=\u00bbon\u00bb use_overlay=\u00bbon\u00bb overlay_icon_color=\u00bb#00ffff\u00bb hover_overlay_color=\u00bbrgba(0,255,255,0.2)\u00bb align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; 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} .et_monarch .et_social_shortcode_0 .et_social_icons_container li:hover .et_social_icon, .et_monarch .et_social_shortcode_0 .et_social_networks .et_social_icons_container li:hover .et_social_network_label, .et_monarch .et_social_shortcode_0 .et_social_icons_container li:hover .et_social_networkname, .et_monarch .et_social_rounded.et_social_shortcode_0 .et_social_icons_container li:hover .et_social_count, .et_monarch .et_social_rectangle.et_social_shortcode_0 .et_social_icons_container li:hover .et_social_count { color: #ffffff !important; }<\/style>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"et_social_icons_container\"><li class=\"et_social_like\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"et_social_follow\" data-social_name=\"like\" data-social_type=\"like\" data-post_id=\"0\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"et_social_icon et_social_icon_like\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_social_network_label\"><div class=\"et_social_networkname\">Me gusta<\/div><div class=\"et_social_count\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>0<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_social_count_label\">Likes<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_social_overlay\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li><\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>[\/et_pb_code][et_pb_post_title meta=\u00bboff\u00bb featured_image=\u00bboff\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb title_font=\u00bb|600||on|||||\u00bb title_text_align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb title_text_color=\u00bb#000000&#8243; title_font_size=\u00bb35px\u00bb title_letter_spacing=\u00bb1px\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb animation_direction=\u00bbbottom\u00bb title_font_size_tablet=\u00bb30px\u00bb title_font_size_phone=\u00bb20px\u00bb title_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_post_title][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbSubt\u00edtulo\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; header_2_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb header_3_font=\u00bb|700||on|||||\u00bb header_3_text_align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb header_3_text_color=\u00bb#444444&#8243; header_3_font_size=\u00bb30px\u00bb header_4_font=\u00bb||||||||\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb header_2_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb header_3_font_size_tablet=\u00bb25px\u00bb header_3_font_size_phone=\u00bb15px\u00bb header_3_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb header_4_text_color__hover_enabled=\u00bboff|hover\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h3>PALEONT\u00d3LOGOS FAMOSOS<\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_3&#8243; 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_module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243; global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb open=\u00bboff\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243;]Profesor de geolog\u00eda y geof\u00edsica en la Universidad de Yale[\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=\u00bb\u00c1rea de Trabajo\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243; global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb open=\u00bboff\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243;]Confirmar el origen de los dinosaurios en aves y no reptiles[\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=\u00bbPrincipal Descubrimiento\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243; global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb open=\u00bboff\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243;]Deinonychus antirrhopus[\/et_pb_accordion_item][\/et_pb_accordion][et_pb_counters bar_bg_color=\u00bb#00ffff\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb title_font=\u00bb|700|||||||\u00bb title_text_color=\u00bb#444444&#8243; 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Este dinosaurio, un carn\u00edvoro b\u00edpedo de tama\u00f1o medio, pose\u00eda garras enormes, extremidades largas y una anatom\u00eda claramente adaptada a la velocidad y la caza activa. Ostrom argument\u00f3 que Deinonychus no pod\u00eda haber sido un reptil lento, sino un animal de metabolismo elevado, probablemente de sangre caliente. Esta interpretaci\u00f3n desafi\u00f3 directamente la visi\u00f3n tradicional de los dinosaurios como \u201clagartos gigantes\u201d y abri\u00f3 la puerta a una nueva forma de entender su biolog\u00eda.<\/p>\n<p>El impacto de su trabajo fue tan grande que oblig\u00f3 a los zo\u00f3logos a replantearse la clasificaci\u00f3n de las aves. Antes de Ostrom, se cre\u00eda que las aves se hab\u00edan separado muy temprano de los reptiles y que no estaban estrechamente relacionadas con los dinosaurios. Sin embargo, Ostrom demostr\u00f3 que las aves eran, en realidad, dinosaurios ter\u00f3podos celurosaurianos altamente modificados. Su revisi\u00f3n exhaustiva de la osteolog\u00eda y filogenia de Archaeopteryx, publicada en 1976, fue un hito que consolid\u00f3 esta idea. D\u00e9cadas despu\u00e9s, Ostrom vivi\u00f3 para ver el descubrimiento de dinosaurios emplumados en China, hallazgos que confirmaron de manera espectacular sus teor\u00edas sobre el origen aviano de los dinosaurios.<\/p>\n<p>Su carrera acad\u00e9mica comenz\u00f3 en 1955, cuando ense\u00f1\u00f3 durante un a\u00f1o en Brooklyn College. En 1956 se incorpor\u00f3 a Beloit College, donde permaneci\u00f3 hasta 1961. Ese a\u00f1o acept\u00f3 una c\u00e1tedra en la Universidad de Yale, instituci\u00f3n en la que desarroll\u00f3 el resto de su carrera. Como nuevo profesor, fue nombrado curador asistente de paleontolog\u00eda de vertebrados en el Museo Peabody de Historia Natural, y en 1971 ascendi\u00f3 a profesor y curador. Desde Yale organiz\u00f3 y dirigi\u00f3 numerosas expediciones de campo a Wyoming y Montana, especialmente en la Formaci\u00f3n Cloverly, donde trabaj\u00f3 entre 1962 y 1966. Para finales de 1964 ya hab\u00eda realizado diez expediciones a la cuenca del Gran Cuerno, al este del Parque Nacional de Yellowstone. Adem\u00e1s de Deinonychus, descubri\u00f3 y nombr\u00f3 Tenontosaurus, otro dinosaurio clave para entender los ecosistemas del Cret\u00e1cico temprano.<\/p>\n<p>En 1966, John Harold Ostrom desempe\u00f1\u00f3 un papel decisivo en la creaci\u00f3n del Parque Estatal de Dinosaurios en Rocky Hill, Connecticut. La iniciativa surgi\u00f3, en parte, por la presi\u00f3n de cientos de cartas enviadas por escolares fascinados por la \u201cdinoman\u00eda\u201d que Ostrom hab\u00eda contribuido a despertar. Su influencia en la divulgaci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica fue enorme: edit\u00f3 el American Journal of Science, public\u00f3 m\u00e1s de una docena de libros para p\u00fablicos cient\u00edficos y generales, y recibi\u00f3 numerosos premios y reconocimientos.<\/p>\n<p>Durante los a\u00f1os sesenta, Ostrom escribi\u00f3 una gu\u00eda tem\u00e1tica de paleontolog\u00eda para el Programa de Monumentos Naturales Nacionales del Servicio de Parques Nacionales. Recomend\u00f3 veinte lugares para su protecci\u00f3n, de los cuales trece fueron finalmente designados como Monumentos Naturales Nacionales. Su compromiso con la preservaci\u00f3n del patrimonio f\u00f3sil fue constante. Un ejemplo notable ocurri\u00f3 en 1969, cuando investig\u00f3 la desaparici\u00f3n de bloques fosil\u00edferos procedentes de la cantera Charles O. Wolcott, cerca de Manchester, Connecticut. Tras rastrear m\u00e1s de sesenta puentes, descubri\u00f3 que los bloques hab\u00edan sido utilizados en la construcci\u00f3n de un puente sobre Hop Creek. El departamento de carreteras permiti\u00f3 a Ostrom y su equipo examinar cuatrocientos bloques de arenisca en busca de f\u00f3siles. A pesar de sus esfuerzos por preservar el lugar original, en el a\u00f1o 2000 se construy\u00f3 un centro comercial sobre la antigua cantera.<\/p>\n<p>Ostrom se retir\u00f3 oficialmente de Yale en 1992, pero continu\u00f3 investigando y escribiendo como profesor em\u00e9rito hasta que su salud se deterior\u00f3. Muri\u00f3 en Litchfield, Connecticut, en julio de 2005, a los 77 a\u00f1os, debido a complicaciones de la enfermedad de Alzheimer.<\/p>\n<p>Adem\u00e1s de su trabajo sobre ter\u00f3podos, John Harold Ostrom realiz\u00f3 investigaciones fundamentales sobre los hadrosaurios. Fue uno de los primeros paleont\u00f3logos en comprender que estos animales no eran criaturas lentas y acu\u00e1ticas, sino herb\u00edvoros terrestres activos. A partir de esta reinterpretaci\u00f3n, Ostrom dedujo que animales tan grandes requer\u00edan enormes cantidades de energ\u00eda para mantenerse erguidos y moverse, lo que implicaba un metabolismo elevado. En la primera Convenci\u00f3n Paleontol\u00f3gica de Am\u00e9rica del Norte, celebrada en 1969 en el Field Museum de Chicago, Ostrom desafi\u00f3 la idea de que los climas mesozoicos eran universalmente tropicales. Argument\u00f3 que la postura erecta y la locomoci\u00f3n activa estaban correlacionadas con un metabolismo alto, como ocurre en mam\u00edferos y aves modernas, y que esta relaci\u00f3n no pod\u00eda ser accidental.<\/p>\n<p>Su visi\u00f3n fue confirmada en 1973, cuando el paleont\u00f3logo canadiense Dale Russell descubri\u00f3 f\u00f3siles de hadrosaurios en el C\u00edrculo Polar \u00c1rtico canadiense. Este hallazgo demostr\u00f3 que los dinosaurios pod\u00edan vivir en climas fr\u00edos y que no pod\u00edan ser utilizados como indicadores directos del paleoclima si se asum\u00eda que eran de sangre fr\u00eda. La reinterpretaci\u00f3n de Ostrom sobre los dinosaurios como animales endot\u00e9rmicos fue considerada radical en su momento, pero su capacidad para resolver contradicciones en la fisiolog\u00eda dinosauriana atrajo r\u00e1pidamente a numerosos seguidores. Con el tiempo, sus ideas se convirtieron en la base de la paleobiolog\u00eda moderna.<\/p>\n<p>John Harold Ostrom cambi\u00f3 para siempre la forma en que entendemos a los dinosaurios. Su trabajo no solo transform\u00f3 la ciencia, sino que inspir\u00f3 a generaciones enteras de paleont\u00f3logos y contribuy\u00f3 a la imagen moderna de los dinosaurios como animales din\u00e1micos, inteligentes y profundamente conectados con las aves actuales. 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College&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8087,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8066","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-paleontologos-famosos"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>John Harold Ostrom | Edit\u00f3 el American Journal of Science<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"John Harold Ostrom ense\u00f1\u00f3 durante un a\u00f1o en el Brooklyn College en 1955 antes de unirse a la facultad en Beloit College.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" 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