{"id":8314,"date":"2025-11-16T07:54:34","date_gmt":"2025-11-16T06:54:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/?p=8314"},"modified":"2026-02-18T01:35:18","modified_gmt":"2026-02-18T00:35:18","slug":"william-buckland","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/clientes.munecarusa.com\/mp\/william-buckland\/","title":{"rendered":"William Buckland"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbFondo Men\u00fa\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; background_color=\u00bb#00ffff\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb0px||20px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||0px||true|false\u00bb collapsed=\u00bbon\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb disabled_on=\u00bboff|off|off\u00bb admin_label=\u00bbIntroducci\u00f3n\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.2&#8243; 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_module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb title_font=\u00bb|600||on|||||\u00bb title_text_align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb title_text_color=\u00bb#000000&#8243; title_font_size=\u00bb70px\u00bb title_letter_spacing=\u00bb1px\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||10px||false|false\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbslide\u00bb animation_direction=\u00bbbottom\u00bb title_font_size_tablet=\u00bb50px\u00bb title_font_size_phone=\u00bb20px\u00bb title_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb title_text_shadow_style=\u00bbpreset1&#8243; global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_post_title][et_pb_text content_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; header_4_font=\u00bb|700||on|||||\u00bb header_4_text_align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb header_4_text_color=\u00bb#00ffff\u00bb header_4_font_size=\u00bb30px\u00bb header_4_line_height=\u00bb1.4em\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbzoom\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bboff|phone\u00bb header_4_font_size_tablet=\u00bb22px\u00bb header_4_font_size_phone=\u00bb11px\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_text_shadow_style=\u00bbpreset1&#8243; 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_module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243; global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb open=\u00bboff\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243;]Ocup\u00f3 la c\u00e1tedra de geolog\u00eda en la Universidad de Oxford, donde dio clases populares y fundamentales para la disciplina[\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=\u00bb\u00c1rea de Trabajo\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243; global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb open=\u00bboff\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243;]Combinaba el trabajo de campo geol\u00f3gico con la zoofagia cient\u00edfica[\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=\u00bbPrincipal Descubrimiento\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb open=\u00bboff\u00bb]Primera descripci\u00f3n completa de un dinosaurio[\/et_pb_accordion_item][\/et_pb_accordion][et_pb_counters bar_bg_color=\u00bb#00ffff\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; 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ol_font_size=\u00bb18px\u00bb ol_line_height=\u00bb1.8em\u00bb quote_text_align=\u00bbjustify\u00bb quote_text_color=\u00bb#444444&#8243; quote_font_size=\u00bb18px\u00bb quote_line_height=\u00bb1.8em\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243; text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb link_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb link_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb link_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb link_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb link_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb link_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb ul_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb ul_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb ul_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb ul_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb ul_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb ul_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb ol_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb ol_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb ol_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb ol_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb ol_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb ol_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb quote_font_size_tablet=\u00bb16px\u00bb quote_font_size_phone=\u00bb14px\u00bb quote_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb quote_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.7em\u00bb quote_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.6em\u00bb quote_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb link_text_color__hover_enabled=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb link_text_color__hover=\u00bb#00ffff\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243;]Favorable al creacionismo antiguo de la Tierra y a la teor\u00eda del Diluvio Universal, fue finalmente convencido de la realidad de las glaciaciones por Louis Agassiz, lo que marc\u00f3 un giro importante en su pensamiento cient\u00edfico. Buckland fue uno de los primeros en aceptar la teor\u00eda glacial en las Islas Brit\u00e1nicas, contribuyendo a su difusi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>William Buckland naci\u00f3 en Axminster, Devonshire, y cuando ni\u00f1o acompa\u00f1\u00f3 a su padre, el rector de Templeton y Trusham, en sus caminatas, durante las cuales hallaban y coleccionaban conchas f\u00f3siles, incluyendo ammonites del Jur\u00e1sico en estratos visibles en las canteras. Esta temprana exposici\u00f3n a los f\u00f3siles despert\u00f3 en \u00e9l un inter\u00e9s que marcar\u00eda toda su vida.<\/p>\n<p>Consigui\u00f3 una beca en 1801 para estudiar Teolog\u00eda en el Corpus Christi College de la Universidad de Oxford, al mismo tiempo que asist\u00eda a las clases de John Kidd en mineralog\u00eda y qu\u00edmica. Durante sus vacaciones realizaba investigaciones de campo, examinando estratos y coleccionando f\u00f3siles. Tras obtener su licenciatura en 1804 y ampliar estudios hasta 1808, pas\u00f3 a ser miembro del Corpus Christi College, fue ordenado sacerdote y continu\u00f3 realizando frecuentes excursiones geol\u00f3gicas a caballo por Inglaterra, Escocia, Irlanda y Gales.<\/p>\n<p>En 1813 sucedi\u00f3 a John Kidd en sus cursos de mineralog\u00eda, dando charlas animadas y populares, cada vez con mayor \u00e9nfasis en la geolog\u00eda y la paleontolog\u00eda. Como encargado no oficial del Ashmolean Museum, constituy\u00f3 colecciones, viaj\u00f3 por Europa y entr\u00f3 en contacto con muchos cient\u00edficos, incluido Georges Cuvier, cuya influencia ser\u00eda decisiva en su pensamiento.<\/p>\n<p>En 1818 William Buckland fue elegido miembro de la Royal Society. Ese mismo a\u00f1o fue persuadido por el pr\u00edncipe regente para asumir una nueva c\u00e1tedra de Geolog\u00eda, dictando la lecci\u00f3n inaugural el 15 de mayo de 1819. La lecci\u00f3n fue publicada en 1820 con el t\u00edtulo Vindici\u00e6 Geologi\u00e6, donde defend\u00eda la compatibilidad entre la geolog\u00eda y la religi\u00f3n, intentando conciliar los relatos b\u00edblicos con las pruebas geol\u00f3gicas. Su interpretaci\u00f3n catastrofista propon\u00eda que la palabra \u00abprincipio\u00bb en el G\u00e9nesis pod\u00eda referirse a un periodo indefinido durante el cual se sucedieron m\u00faltiples creaciones y extinciones.<\/p>\n<p>A partir de sus investigaciones de los huesos f\u00f3siles en Kirkdale Cave, en Yorkshire, lleg\u00f3 a la conclusi\u00f3n de que la cueva hab\u00eda sido habitada por hienas en tiempos antediluvianos, en lugar de ser un dep\u00f3sito del Diluvio. Desarroll\u00f3 estas ideas en su obra Reliqui\u00e6 Diluvian\u00e6 (1823), que se convirti\u00f3 en un aut\u00e9ntico best-seller. Este libro lo consolid\u00f3 como una autoridad cient\u00edfica y populariz\u00f3 la idea de que los f\u00f3siles pod\u00edan interpretarse mediante analog\u00edas con animales actuales.<\/p>\n<p>En 1824, como presidente de la Geological Society of London, anunci\u00f3 el descubrimiento en Stonesfield de los huesos f\u00f3siles de un reptil gigante al que llam\u00f3 Megalosaurus, escribiendo la primera descripci\u00f3n completa de lo que m\u00e1s tarde se llamar\u00eda dinosaurio. Este trabajo lo convierte en uno de los padres fundadores de la paleontolog\u00eda de dinosaurios.<\/p>\n<p>En 1825 William Buckland renunci\u00f3 a su beca universitaria para asumir un cargo clerical, pero antes de hacerlo recibi\u00f3 una canonj\u00eda en otra parroquia, una recompensa acad\u00e9mica sin grandes responsabilidades. Ese mismo a\u00f1o se cas\u00f3 con Mary Morland (no confundir con Mary Anning), una ilustradora y coleccionista de f\u00f3siles excepcionalmente talentosa. Su luna de miel consisti\u00f3 en un a\u00f1o de viaje por Europa visitando ge\u00f3logos y yacimientos. Mary colabor\u00f3 estrechamente en su trabajo cient\u00edfico y fue una figura clave en su carrera.<\/p>\n<p>Su vida dom\u00e9stica era tan exc\u00e9ntrica como su vida acad\u00e9mica. Llen\u00f3 su casa de animales vivos y muertos, minerales y f\u00f3siles. Era famoso por su afici\u00f3n a probar cualquier tipo de carne animal, desde ratones hasta panteras. La an\u00e9cdota del coraz\u00f3n de un rey franc\u00e9s \u2014probablemente Luis XIV\u2014 que Buckland habr\u00eda comido accidentalmente, es una de las historias m\u00e1s repetidas sobre \u00e9l.<\/p>\n<p>En 1826 descubri\u00f3 la llamada Red Lady of Paviland en Gales, que result\u00f3 ser un var\u00f3n del Paleol\u00edtico Superior, el f\u00f3sil humano m\u00e1s antiguo encontrado en el Reino Unido. Aunque Buckland lo interpret\u00f3 err\u00f3neamente como una mujer romana, su hallazgo fue crucial para la paleoantropolog\u00eda brit\u00e1nica.<\/p>\n<p>Fue amigo y colaborador de Roderick Murchison, a quien orient\u00f3 en sus investigaciones sobre las rocas que m\u00e1s tarde formar\u00edan el Sistema Sil\u00farico. En 1832 presidi\u00f3 la segunda reuni\u00f3n de la British Association for the Advancement of Science.<\/p>\n<p>Contribuy\u00f3 con un volumen a los Bridgewater Treatises, publicado en 1836 como Geology and Mineralogy considered with reference to Natural Theology, una obra monumental que intentaba demostrar la sabidur\u00eda divina a trav\u00e9s de la geolog\u00eda. Charles Babbage respondi\u00f3 con su Ninth Bridgewater Treatise.<\/p>\n<p>En cooperaci\u00f3n con Adam Sedgwick y Charles Lyell prepar\u00f3 el informe para el establecimiento del Servicio Geol\u00f3gico de Gran Breta\u00f1a.<\/p>\n<p>Tras interesarse por la teor\u00eda glacial de Louis Agassiz, viaj\u00f3 a Suiza en 1838 para observar glaciares. Convencido por Agassiz, reinterpret\u00f3 muchas de las formaciones brit\u00e1nicas como resultado de glaciaciones antiguas, abandonando su anterior explicaci\u00f3n diluvial. Este cambio fue decisivo para la aceptaci\u00f3n de la teor\u00eda glacial en Gran Breta\u00f1a.<\/p>\n<p>En 1845 fue nombrado decano de Westminster por Sir Robert Peel y se traslad\u00f3 a Islip, cerca de Oxford. Particip\u00f3 en la restauraci\u00f3n de la Abad\u00eda de Westminster y continu\u00f3 impartiendo conferencias de geolog\u00eda. 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Megalosaurus&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8317,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8314","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-paleontologos-famosos"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>William Buckland | Favorable al creacionismo antiguo de la Tierra<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"William Buckland anunci\u00f3 el descubrimiento de los huesos f\u00f3siles de un reptil gigante que \u00e9l llam\u00f3 Megalosaurus.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" 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